Divorce and Our National Values Essay

Peter Kramer in his essay â€Å"Divorce and Our National Values† suggests that either Americans celebrate the individual, autonomy, and self-fulfillment or we honor marriage as the centerpiece of social stability. The question is whether these values can be competitive and destructive or can they be complementary and empowering. Through teamwork and communication, marriage can be complementary and empowering while being honored as the centerpiece of social stability; however clashing points of view can cause the relationship to be competitive and destructive. First of all, I am the perfect person that can talk about marriage because I am married. Individualism, autonomy, self-fulfillment and the concept of marriage being the centerpiece of social stability all play their role positively if balanced correctly. Although we worked together to pay bills and satisfy our needs, we also supported each other’s sense of worth and striving towards our personal goals, such as educ ation and travel. Positive support and feedback are very important because there will always be disappointing moments, even overwhelming at times. Being reminded and loved helps society and our marriage move forward. Marriage being the centerpiece of society strives for the greater good, which is the world. I am in the Navy, an organization that gives me self-fulfillment. My wife is always at the house and after a while, she becomes itching to find herself other than be a housewife. We take up many identities: I am a sailor, a husband and a friend. With these titles, not only we can play multiple roles in society but at the same time, it contributes to personal satisfaction and from there, you can help others including the family succeed in any aspect. However, there is a dark side to all of this. Secondly, clashing viewpoints can cause relationships to be competitive and destructive. In most cases, selfishness is one example of a destructive viewpoint. Although there is a certain extent one can be selfish, too much selfishness is destructive to all walks of life, both work and relationship wise. I hear from my friends and family talk about people they knew that would go out and party instead of staying at home to spend quality time with the family. They talked about how the husband had to grow up fast due to impregnating his high school sweetheart and joining the workforce without realizing his personal ambitions or experiencing life as a bachelor. In society, women are more prone to settling down at younger ages than men. However, both sides are at guilt due to maturity and making the big decision of starting a family. Despite all the clashing, couples learn to understand each other’s viewpoints or edit themselves for the integrity of the relationship; all others take a turn for the worse and are not willing to work at the relationship, being satisfied with the outcome and themselves. Divorce can be double-sided or one-sided. In total, it depends on the couples and their viewpoints; some work out and some don’t. Although clashing viewpoints can be detrimental to marriage and even unsuccessful marriages hurting society as a whole, I believe that teamwork and communication will lead marriage in the right direction and can be honored as the centerpiece of social stability. We must learn to set aside our differences for the sake of the new generations to come. I do believe that nothing is perfect in our society; however people in general will become more productive, positive and moralistic when these values are incorporated into them, especially the marriage and eventually everyone will be able to understand one another for the sake of the greater good. Works Cited Kramer, Peter D. â€Å"Divorce and Our National Values.† Merickel, Missy James and Alan P. Reading Literature and Writing Arguement 4th ed. Boston: Longman, 2008. 503-505.

Ethics of Peer to Peer downloading and Sharing Essay

Abstract In the short time that computers and internet have existed in the modern era, the world has seen a complete 360 degree turn and in the various forms of electronic entertainment that people all over the world are now using. In the days before CD’s, DVD’s and the internet, not much was said if a vinyl album (remember these?), VHS cassette (or these?) or an audio cassette was loaned to a friend for their listening / viewing pleasure, but today with the availability of sending an email with three or four megabytes (mb) of information, one can enjoy a borrowed song but is assumed that it is piracy or stealing. Is this a fair assumption? This Author will not give his opinion but rather discuss both sides of the Peer to Peer (P2P) downloading and sharing issues and let the reader form their own opinions. Peer downloading and Sharing: Definition and History â€Å"Peer-to-Peer† technology, what is meant when this phrase is mentioned in the world of electronic entertainment or computers? Usually in today’s environment, this phrase has a negative connotation assigned to it, but this phrase deserves a deeper investigation into all aspects of the concept. Peer-to-Peer technology is defined by the textbook of this class as â€Å"technology which permits easy transfer of files over the Internet by large numbers of strangers without a centralized system or service.† (Baase, 2008) When this definition is read, does it imply an impartial connotation or is the definition insinuating that this technology is wrong without some form of centralized system or service? Who knows? This is up to the reader to decide, but much probably depends on the readers personal opinion on the matter. With the textbook’s definition stated, what is actually meant by P2P technology? In Basic English, P2P technology is the ability share / loan / give an electronic file of any sort, be it music, software, video or documents, with anyone that is logged onto to the same server or network as the person in possession of the file. Another important definition that needs to be stated is that of â€Å"Copyrights.† Copyrights are defined by the Merriam-Webster online dictionary as â€Å": the exclusive legal right to reproduce, publish, sell, or distribute the matter and form of something (as a literary, musical, or artistic work)† (Merriam-Webster 2011) Again in Basic English this translates to that the original owner of a product has all rights to make profits from their product or service. But, there is always a but, as this definition does not state, do these legal rights apply to the sharing of a product or service and thereby not making a profit from the product? There seems to be two main questions that need to be answered and they are: 1) What is the legal definition of â€Å"sharing?† and 2) What is the legal definition of â€Å"making a profit?† It would seem that until someone legally defines these, this will be the never ending question that will continue plague the electronic world of entertainment. These two questions will be discussed later in this document. As with many things in life and technology, when these ideas and concepts were initially invented or designed, apparently these people did not look to the future and what may become of these ideas or designs. When the initial copyright law was passed in 1790, computers, MP3’s and various other forms of electronic technology did not exist and this law only covered books, maps and charts and protected them for 14 years. (Baas, 2008) It wasn’t for almost 130 years that the US Congress updated the law to include photos, sound recording, and movies but again nothing is done to define profit or sharing as it relates to this topic of conversation. As time has passed, various countries, including the USA, have passed and enforced stricter laws, mostly in favor of the entertainment industry. i.e. copyright infringement, illegal sharing of copyrighted material, and profiting from copyrighted material. All of these examples seem very similar but in reality they have some very fine differences that if you ask any judge to define, you may end up with as many different answers from each different judge asked. This is where the dilemma starts. As time has passed and technologies have become available to the average people of the world, including those with lesser amounts of disposable money, the ability to â€Å"share or loan† electronic material has become increasingly popular. The question still remains in the mind of this author; what is the difference between sharing and audio cassette with a friend and sharing an MP3 that has been legally copied from disk or downloaded from Itunes? In the eyes of many people, there is not a difference in these two concepts. In the eyes of many, the concept of sharing a MP3 is that same as sharing a cassette but has followed the theory of evolution and grown from the era of physical items, like cassettes, and evolved to the electronic media market. This sharing concept brings forth another question. Why did music industry and other various media companies not try to enforce the existing laws when it was only video and audio cassettes? Could it be that â€Å"back in the day†, the number of cassettes / albums being shared were not near the numbers of electronic media being shared today? This seems to be the probable answer because to share a cassette or album there needs to be some form of physical contact between the two participants and to share electronic media the two participants can be miles apart and only need a computer with internet or email access. Back in the day, the amounts of profits lost were not worth the legal fees to fight the practice of â€Å"Sharing.† Present Day Operations So now let’s jump to the present day and discuss the practice of Sharing as it is being practiced today. By present day, it is to include the modern era of computers and the Internet. With the invention of the Internet, CD’S, DVD’s and other forms of electronic technologies came to associated people that would eventually try to use these inventions to their fullest extent. This too included the sharing of files, music and software. Napster was one of the first agencies to openly advertise that you could â€Å"share† files with their P2P software. What happened? According to History.com, Napster began operation in 2000 and by later in the year, some 60 million users were freely â€Å"sharing electronic media of various forms. This is where the modern practice of enforcing the existing versions of copyright laws was being challenged in court. Napster, as it originally operated, only lasted for about a year and a half before the legal eagles of the media industry came at them with a vengeance and essentially shut them down. These lawyers, representing just about all aspects of the music industry, â€Å"filed suit against the company, alleging â€Å"vicarious copyright infringement† under the U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1996.† (history.com) Although Napster continued to exist in various forms since 2000, after going legit, they just have not had the same impact on the P2P world that they had back then. As of 30 Nov 2011 Napster, who was owned by Best Buy, has been sold to Rhapsody in an effort to increase Rhapsody leading music subscriber database. (cnnmoney.com. 2011) Along the same time as the Napster rise and fall, other P2P companies were trying to find every legal loop hole to be able to continue operating without worry of legal action from these media moguls. These companies included, but were not limited to Grokster, Kazaa and the nearly legal Limewire. Throughout the years that followed, these companies tried every possible exception to the laws to circumvent the laws but in the end even Limewire was shut down by the US Gov’t. In the past, when you loaded Limewire’s website, their page was loaded with ads, software download links and various other stuff, but now all you get is the official seal of the US Justice department and a warning that you are trying to access a seized webpage and/or to stop distributing their P2P software. What is interesting now is that the P2P software industry and music / movie are not the only ones trying to stop the use of computers and the internet to share files, now TV moguls are also trying to jump on this bandwagon. In recent years, websites and various users have been streaming live sporting events to the internet via their personal paid cable TV services such as Comcast or DirectTV. The websites included rojadirecta and ahdte, but again if you visit these sites you will be met with the justice department seal and a disclaimer saying they have been seized and shutdown for illegal operations such as copyright infringement. The question now is what is considered ownership of the pay per view service? For example, if customer A uses the pay per view option on his/her cable box, does he/she now own the program and therefore has the right to reproduce the item as they see fit? Or, do they still have to obey the original reproduction laws. Another concept is this. If Customer A purchases the right to view a program and then puts said program available for viewing by friends that visit his/her house, is this copyright infringement? The list of questions goes on and on. If customer A purchases the right to view the program and then chooses to stream the program to a free and public website, can others log onto this website, view the program and not be guilty of breaking any laws. Although there may be some ethical and moral questions to answer for, these do not affect the legality of this arena. Customer A did not make a profit by streaming the program to a free website. Customer A did allow friends to view a program that by legal intention of the law was for the viewing of customer A only. Viewing live streaming is not the exact same as that of P2P sharing of files but does have the same implications. Someone is receiving a product or service that was not paid for, At least this is what the media industry would like the legal system to believe. In the 2011 it would appear that the media industry is winning the legal battles, albeit they are having much more success within the USA than other parts of the world. This is especially true in the more disadvantaged countries. This author will use his current country of Colombia, South America as an example. Here it is very common place to purchase or download shared versions of music, movies and computer software. Why is this? Quite frankly this is a poor country and without these shared versions of these products, people here could not afford any of these products at regular corporate pricing. After experiencing the technological environment here, one can understand why the â€Å"shared† file industry is so important. Ethical Questions So! Many views and examples have been shown for both sides of the P2P and file sharing argument. Now the questions need to be presented as to what laws are actually being violated. The media industry would have you believe that by sending a legally purchased MP3, for example, to a friend for their listening pleasure, that both parties are now breaking the copyright laws for that artist. Furthermore, the media industry wants you to think that if you would not have shared this MP3 with your friend, then this friend would have to go to a store and purchase this same song on a disk. The general public counters these arguments with these answers. The persons sharing the MP3, would argue that they are not violating the law because they are only sharing the music with each other and neither party is making a profit off the item and that by sharing the item first, one can make an informed decision on whether to spend more money for the entire disk or possibly only purchase the single. These same arguments apply to almost all portions of the P2P file sharing industry and live streaming of television events as well. Conclusion Basically it comes down to this. The media industries want to continue receiving and growing their profits and the general public would things for the lowest possible price. Whether or not to use P2P file sharing technology or view live event streaming on computers will always be a moral and ethical question that only one person can answer. That person is, the person that is deciding whether to use the P2P technology or not and will always be a personal issue that each and every one that uses these technologies will have live with. Everyone will have to answer this for themselves. References Baase, S. (2008). A gift of fire. (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Microsoft Server and Cloud Platform (N.D.). Windows Server 2008 R2, Retrieved Merriam-webster online dictionary (2011) Definition of copyright. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/copyright History channel (N. D.). The death spiral of Napster begins Retrieved from http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-death-spiral-of-napster-begins CNN Money(N.D.), Today is Napster’s last day of existence, Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2011/11/30/technology/napster_rhapsody/index.htm

Fear Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Fear - Essay Example It is the understanding of this student that the identification by Phil Barker of the main reasons for the establishment and practice of fear within the current model is absolutely correct. One need look no further than the underlying reasons for the upsurge in radical Islamic terrorism, the ethnocentric and racist actions of groups that believe their way of life is challenged, or the ways in which cultural and/or religiously marginalized communities integrate the understanding of fear within their ranks to understand and appreciate the ways in which this helps to define almost each and every aspect of human interaction and identity. In much the same way, Jim Buren, the protagonist of Cather’s My Antonia, represents a litany of fears that serve to provide a profound and directive effect on the way that the character integrates with the world around him. Naturally, the story itself is almost entirely built around Jim’s attraction to Antonia; however, the sub plot that pe rvades the story is with regards to the manner in which Jim Buren struggles between the representation of what others see that he should be and what he himself wishes to be. This evokes a set of fears in Jim with regards to how others view him and it is one of the main reasons why he chooses to get married prematurely and to a woman that he is not truly in love with. Thinking that the wealth and status that the woman provides will be more useful than true love, Jim races into a wedding of convenience that will ultimately make him a more embittered and less satisfied human being. Ultimately, the choices that Jim makes, up to and including until the very end of the novel are reflective of the fear of censure and criticism that other people may heap upon him. This is due in large part to the fact that Jim is an outsider of the community and has placed a high emphasis on the importance of inclusion as a means of achieving that which he set out to. Ultimately, as with many decisions and questions of right or wrong, the choices that Jim made in life helped to propel him to a relatively high and important position and enrich him materially. This status was the direct and unquestioned result of the fact that his pervasive fear of censure and judgment caused him to place an extremely high level of importance upon acceptance that a fancy job and a well respected career and high paying salary could afford him. However, the end result was that he was spiritually bankrupt as compared to Antonia. As a function of the warped identity that Jim had built for himself, the level of happiness that he was able to enjoy and appreciate in this life was perennially determined based upon the fears of acceptance and judgment that he carried within him from his past. As a means of irony, the same differential that kept Antonia and Jim apart in their youth, their different outlooks and worldviews, continue to provide a very wide gulf between the two in old age. The story itself helps to exemplify the way in which fears can quickly work their way into a person’s life and seek to utterly redefine the way in which they identify themselves and the reality that defines life. As a function of

Mong Schoolchildrn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mong Schoolchildrn - Essay Example This book rvls th story of young tchr's lif nd work in th Klly School, prt of th Holyok, Msschusts school systm. Th book provids insight into wht it is lik tching in multiculturl clssroom nvironmnt nd how importnt it is to b bl to monitor nd djust to troubld studnts, how vitl it is to chng your mthods of working, whr tching 24/7 profssion, not 8:00-5:00 job. During th whol yr Chris tckls not only issus of difficult studnts but prsonl issus s wll. This book provids futur tchrs with much rquird glnc t th rlitis of tching whr strss of bing tchr is vidnt. From Sptmbr to Jun, Chris Zjc, compssiont, dvotd tchr struggls with th nrly suprhumn tsk of tching innr-city childrn, mny from impovrishd nd brokn homs. .It fls lik you r in th clssroom with Mrs. Zjc. Trcy Kiddr dscribs rl tchr nd hr studnts nd tks th rdr with thm through th school yr. Zjc mngd to rlt th problms s wll s th succsss in th clssroom. Zjc is th kind of tchr tht prnt would wnt thir child to b round, bcus sh dos not only tchs bsic skills nd knowldg, but lso nturs nd dls with childrn who com to th clssroom with lot of bggg. Mrs. Zjc posssss ll trits tht vry tchr should hv: tough in loving wy, disciplind, slf-wr, nd willing to confss to hr own fults. Onc in whil whn sh rlizd tht sh is probbly boring, sh tris to shk up th lsson to void wtching bord studnts. Mrs. Mrs. Zjc is wondr tchr tht vry child should hv t lst onc in thir grd school crr, bcus sh posss ll ncssry qulitis of n xcllnt tchr. Sh is sympthtic, lmost to fult, bcus somtims sh givs too mny scond chncs to pupils who try to disordr hr clss, but sh lso mngs to gt through ll of thm, vn th ons who hd to b rmovd. Sh is hrd-working tchr nd lwys brings hom both th ppr grding nd th worris in which sh constntly rumints on ch studnt's lif nd how sh cn improv it. Sh dos not lv tchr flings t th school door nd s rsult lmost ll of innovtiv ids build up whil sh broods t hom ovr som kid's dilmm. Sh hs big hrt, nough to mbrc nd provid thm with unconditionl lov, spcilly to thos who xprincs hrdships t hom or vn to thos who dos not vn hv hom.In ordr to b n ffctiv tchr on hs to nturlly possss ll thos trits nd b bl to us thm in ordr to gt through to thir studnts. It is chllnging to b bl to s th diffrnc btwn "problm studnts" nd "good studnts" nd th chllngs thy prsnt in vry dy situtions. Th mjority of studnts in Mrs. Zjc's clss r Hispnic-- growing truth throughout th Unitd Stts--so long with th vrydy frustrtions of vry tchr, w s tht Mrs. Zjc hs n dditionl worklod imposd mrly by th prsnc of lngug brrir. Looking t fiv min rs of Mrs. Zjc's clssroom cn giv n insight into wht mks hr good tchr nd thos trits includ: tchr's intrction with th studnts, studnts' intrction with th tchr, studnts' intrction with othr studnts, contnt, nd nvironmnt.Sh intrcts in such wy tht studnts hv prcption tht sh wnts th bst out of thm, so thy try hrd in ordr to mt thos xpcttions. Whn Hnritt wntd to quit working on hr mth, Mrs. Zjc just tris to rpt hr xpcttions by sying, " No, Hnritt. You cn't quit. You hv to kp trying. You cn't just quit in lif, Hnritt." By following nd mting thos xpcttions, studnts t som point will try to outprform vn. nothr lsson tht cn b drivd from Mrs. Zjc's styl of tching is hr ttitud towrds trting studnts , whr sh sys "Trting studnts qully oftn mns trting thm vry diffrntly." Sh undrstnds tht vry studnt's bst is diffrnt, but just th fct tht h of sh trid to rch thir bst is lrdy nd indictor of succss. For xmpl, sh rlizd tht th ssy tht Jimmy wrot ws hug

Paraphrase and summarize Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paraphrase and summarize - Essay Example Therefore men are differentiated from women biologically because they produce testosterone in larger quantities than women. The effects of testosterone begin in early stages of development, where an embryo is usually a female unless its hormones are altered. Therefore, a testosterone is normally used to effect this change into a boy, and normally men experience two periods of testosterone flood. This is during conception at six weeks and at teens. At six weeks, the testosterone functions to masculinize mind and body and complete the process at puberty. This hormone is, therefore, very important, for in its absence humans would always go back to the female sex which is the default sex of mankind (Morgenentaler, 39) This implies that the effect of testosterone is systemic. This is evident in genital distinction and its role in development of some characteristics such as deep voice, muscle and strength of upper body that women do not have. It also brings about behavioral differences. However, this is only based on research, for it is unethical to conduct such studies on man. However, it has been proved that in certain species where females are aggressive as compared to their males, it is because of females having more testosterone than males (Morgenentaler, 39).A good example is in the female hyenas. This means that levels of testosterone influence any behavior characteristic of man, and either males or females may exhibit

The Utilization of Incretin Mimetics and DPPIV Inhibitors in the Essay

The Utilization of Incretin Mimetics and DPPIV Inhibitors in the Management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus - Essay Example The initial results obtained from clinical trials with these new agents indicate a very high promise of achieving better blood glucose control by adding them to the therapeutic arsenal for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Incretin mimetics are a new class of antidiabetic agents with multiple blood sugar lowering actions that mimic the actions of incretin hormones. Incretins are peptide hormones that originate in the gastrointestinal tract. The two major incretins in humans are glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). These hormones are released during nutrient absorption, when they serve to potentiate the secretion of insulin(Nielsen) Although both GLP-1 and GIP act as incretin hormones in normal subjects, only GLP-1 can be used to treat DM2 because diabetes is often associated with a blunted or absent response to GIP. It has been shown that whereas GLP-1 levels are significantly decreased in DM2, GIP values are normal, suggesting that DM2 patients are resistant to the biological effects of GIP, rendering it relatively ineffective (2A)In mammals, GLP-1 is derived from the proglucagon peptide in mucosal L-cells of the small intestine(Drucker "Glucagon-Like Peptides") D Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) extends the bioavailability of many peptides by suppressing their break-down. Several incretin mimetics and DPP-IV inhibitors are undergoing late-stage clinical trials for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and results so far have shown some promises. Their mechanisms of action include enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion; suppression of inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion; slowing of gastric emptying; and appetite suppression(Nielsen). Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the emergence of postprandial (post meal) and, subsequently, fasting hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose >125 mg/dl) (Nielsen; Drucker "Glucagon-Like Peptides"). Hyperglycemia results from pancreatic -cells secreting inadequate insulin to compensate for insulin-resistance in peripheral tissues(Porte and Sherwin; Weyer). Only about 33 percent of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the United States are able to achieve the 7% HbA1c recommended by the American Diabetes Association. However, after the administration of incretin mimetics and DPP-IV inhibitors on some of these patients, there is a significant improvement in their glycemic profile. Their after-meal blood glucose level, and subsequently their HbA1c were better(Freeman). Despite exercise, diet control and some pharmacological intervention in patients with DM 2, control of blood sugar has become increasingly difficult, especially in patients who had been on long term therapy. The progressive deterioration of the beta-cells of the pancreas, which in turn causes deficient insulin (as well as increased glucagon production) is responsible for this failure of treatment. The incretin mimetics and DPP IV inhibitors are thought to offer hope in improving the glycemic profile of patients because they act primarily to both increase

Audi and Its Communication Strategy in UK Essay

Audi and Its Communication Strategy in UK - Essay Example The marketing communication of the company is tremendous and this is evident from the well established brand name of the company. In this report we will discuss the communication strategy of Audi in United Kingdom in detail. We will first briefly discuss the history of the company in United Kingdom. In the end we will comment on the efficacy of the communication strategy of the company in UK market alongside with some recommendations. Audi: A Brief History Audi AG is a German car manufacturer that builds a wide range of automobiles from super mini cars to SUVs. The company has a large global presence as it is operating in Europe, India, Brazil, and China (Audi Website, 2012). Audi has its headquarters in Germany and the company is the wholly owned subsidiary of Volkswagen AG. Volkswagen markets Audi as its premium brand for the upper income group market. The history of the company dates back to the 19th century when it was founded by August Horch (Audi Website, 2012). The first Audi car came out in 1909 and since then the company has not stopped. In 1964 it was purchased by the automobile giant Volkswagen which marks the new era in the history of the company. ... Audi in United Kingdom The operations of the company in United Kingdom are going extremely well. The company is growing in the country at a great pace and is pushing well known brands like BMW and Toyota behind. In 2011 Audi became the market leader in the premium cars segment of UK leaving behind the giant BMW (Cars Pages UK, 2011). From 2010 to 2011 the sales of Audi in the UK increased by 27.9 percent (2011) and this shows the pace of growth of the company. Seeing such growth the company is planning o introduce new models in the United Kingdom market to tap the potential offered by the UK market. It is amazing to see a premium car brand growing at such a great pace even in the times of recession and this depicts the brand value of the company. Communication Strategy of Audi in United Kingdom The marketing strategy of Audi has been greatly successful in the country because it has made Audi a market leader in its premium segment. In this section we will attempt to understand the mar keting strategy of Audi in United Kingdom using different marketing theories. Audi derives its brand value from its rich history that expands over three centuries. The company uses it history as a mark of respect to show the world that it is a formidable force in the automobile industry. Audi uses its legacy to attract customers and build trust of customers on its products. The company corporate tagline is â€Å"Vorsprung durch Technik† meaning progress through technology (Audi Website, 2012). This shows that the company communicates itself as a brand that focuses on innovation in technology. The products of the company also follow this tag line as they are mostly a pioneer in their own respective size ranges. The use of this tagline is mainly to communicate

Global Marketing Research Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Global Marketing Research Assignment - Essay Example It is the reason as to why they have continued to enjoy steady stream of growth and increase in the amount of revenue in their finances. It goes without saying that the company has enjoyed the near monopoly status on the global front (Hà ¤ikià ¶ & Virtanen, 2002).This paper will thus discuss the impact and growth of the Nokia Company as a single source from Finland to the external markets such as South Africa and Chile as prime exporting destinations of the mobile devices. The paper will also focus on the proper exporting mechanisms and techniques that Nokia as a Finnish company would penetrate and enter the Chilean and South African country (Kent, 2007). As much as the marketing team of the Nokia Company has strived to do its best in the recent past, there are other drafts of measures of in terms of global marketing that the company could explore for better growth. It stems from the fact that each and every country has a different market dimension and set up thus care and attention must be allocated to the various countries in a different way (Andersson & Wictor, 2003). In brief, this analysis will discuss the market topography and spectrum of the various countries with the feasible chances of penetration by Nokia, the company. South Africa is one of the most promising countries in the world in the form of a market because of the following outlined issues such as a viable economic environment (Myers, 2002). It is one of the emerging democracies in the African continent which has recorded good prospects of economic viability and growth in the recent as compared with other African nations such as Somalia (Myers, 2002). It is so because the country has one of the most diverse compositions of people with different tastes in electronic gadgets and devices (Clarke, 1996). South Africa in its structure and population has one of the most diverse societal spectrums in

Development During Early Adolescence Essay Example for Free

Development During Early Adolescence Essay Can these changes have a significant impact on a variety of developmental outcomes of identity, morality, transitional stages, beginning of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role, and sexual maturity? Hence, because of the potential impact of these changes, it is important to understand the cycles of adolescents. Life has store many surprises for us as we develop throughout our whole life span. Developmental stages are the progress that occurs in humans from the time they are born until they grow old and die. Originally beginning with infants and children, development will subsequently progress into adolescence, followed by adult, and lastly elderly. The development occurs in many fields, namely physical, perceptual, cognitive, moral and social. Derived from the Latin verb adolescere (to grow into maturity), adolescence is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent is a distinct and dynamic phase of development in the life of an individual. It is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood and is characterized by spurts of physical, mental, emotional and social development. Who considers adolescence to be the period between 10-19 years of age, which generally encompasses the time from the beginning of puberty to the full legal age. The early adolescent developmental period is when individuals experience many changes, including the biological changes associated with puberty, important changes in relations with family and peers, and the social and educational changes related to transition from elementary to middle school (Wigfield, Byrnes, Eccles, 2002). The biological changes that occur at early adolescence are dramatic, as anyone working with this age group knows (Susman Rogel, 2004). Pubertal developments, the timings of puberty is quite different for girls and boys; girls enter puberty approximately 18 months before boys do, which means that during early adolescence, girls mature faster. Adolescence can be prolonged, brief, or practically nonexistent, depending on the culture of their society. Adolescence is somewhere between childhood and adulthood. It is also the period of life between the beginning of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role, such as worker or parent. It is filled with constant change, uncertainty, but it can be wonderful and full of expectation. Everything a child learned to believe is suddenly challenged. One day you are a cute child that everybody seemed to adore, and the next day your skin and body are changing. Adolescence is a challenging period for both children and their parents. Three stages of adolescence early, middle, and late, are experienced by most teens, but the age at which each stage is reached varies greatly from child to child. These different rates of maturation are connected to physical development and hormone balance, neither of which the child can control. For this reason, adolescents should be treated as individuals and any guidelines should be modified to the particular child. It is very common to come across mood swings in this stage of development. Gene Roland Medinnus and Ronald C. Johnson state that during adolescence, children develop the ability to: †¢ Understand abstract ideas, such as higher math concepts, and develop moral philosophies, including rights and privileges †¢ Establish and maintain satisfying relationships by learning to share intimacy without feeling worried or inhibited. Move toward a more mature sense of themselves and their purpose †¢ Question old values without losing their identity Adolescence begins when signs of sexual maturity begin to occur in both physical and social development and ends when the individual assumes adult roles and is concerned in most ways as an adult by his reference group. Female friendships are one of the most important dimensions of an adolescent girl’s life. Peer relationships and friendships are critical in the developing adolescent’s identity, behaviors, and overall health. These peer connections influence all areas of development including emotional, physical, spiritual, social, and cognitive. The movie â€Å"Mean Girls† addresses social behaviors and experiences that are common in female peer relationships throughout the adolescent years. â€Å"Mean Girls† has brought attention to girls mean behaviors and portrays a dark side of female peer relationships, in which girls act as bullies and use relationships to express anger or power through rumors, exclusion, secrets, or gossip. This movie shows the significant role that female peer relationships play. The functions of peer relationships in adolescence are to help support adolescents at a time when they are challenged with many new experiences, to encourage the development of emotional autonomy, to enable teens to form deeper forms of intimacy that will be needed in adulthood, and to improve social skills. Positive peer relationships cause less anxiety and depression in adolescents where as negative peer relationships may place an individual at risk for maladjustment. Adolescents who are generally disliked, aggressive, disruptive and cannot establish themselves in the peer culture are developmentally at risk. Having friends and peer acceptance are generally related to school competence, higher self-esteem, and better adjustments. Adolescence is a transitional stage of human development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. Teenagers (ages 13-19 years) are usually adolescent, though in some individual, puberty may extent a few years beyond the teenage years, and in some individuals puberty begins in the pre-teen years. Because adolescents are experiencing various strong cognitive and physical changes, for the first time in their lives they may start to view their friends, their peer group, as more important and influential than their parents. The American Heritage Dictionary defines the word cognition as; the mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning and judgment (Cognition). Because of peer pressure, they may sometimes indulge in activities not deemed socially acceptable. What is Peer Pressure? Peer pressure is the social pressure from friends or other people to accept certain beliefs or act in certain ways in order to be accepted. How and why do we get peers pressure? Everyone gives into peer pressure at one time or another, but why do people sometimes do things they didn’t want to do? Here are a few reasons. They are afraid of being rejected by others, want to be like and don’t want to lose a friend, want to appear grown up, don’t want to be made fun of, friends have a big influence on our lives, but sometimes they push us to do things we may not want to do. The first step to standing up to peer pressure is to understand it. The four main types of peer pressure is: 1. Rejection – threatening to end a friendship or relationship. This pressure can be hard to resist as nobody wants to lose friends. 2. Reasoning – telling a person reasons why they should try something or why it would be okay if they did it i. e. â€Å"your parents would never find out. † Identity is made of what drives an individual, the abilities they have, what they believe, and their personal history (Marcia, 1980). Identity is one of the main struggles in an adolescent’s life. It is very important that children receive the proper guidance while entering their adolescence from their parents and peers. Although they like to believe that they are capable of developing on their own, adolescents need parental guidance to develop their path of identity development. The relationship between a child and a parent plays an important role with an adolescent and his or her decisions about sex. (Chapman, Werner-Wilson 2008). Morality can be defined as the distinction between what is right and wrong or what is good and bad. Although, moral reasoning depends on culture which akes it difficult to define; most people don’t look at where these principles are coming from or what guides one through moral development. As children grow and learn, usually from care takers and people who inspire their every need, their morality changes based on several levels. Although researching of moral development goes as far back as Socrates, there are two psychologists that studied morality in depth and they are Lawrence Kohlberg and Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget was a cognitive developmental psychologist spending most of his time working with children and adolescents, including his own. Although, Piaget’s observation of moral development wasn’t in depth like Kohlberg, he allowed for a basic understanding. He believed that moral development occurred in stages. Piaget strongly believed in education and thought interaction in an education setting allowed children maximum potential in cognitive development. Piaget believed in many things, but when it came to moral development there were only two basic principles. The first principle was that children develop moral ideas in stages and could not skip stages, although movement from one stage to the other could vary in length. Lastly he believed that children create their own perception of their world, including whether their actions enforce what is morally right or wrong. â€Å"Piagets ideas of moral realism and morality of cooperation play a role in Kohlbergs theory. Children in Piagets stage of moral realism believe that rules are absolute and cant be changed. Punishment should be determined by how much damage is done, and the intention of the child is not taken into account. A child has many milestones to reach through adolescence. The success of these milestones depends on normal development. Milestones can be challenging regardless of age and size. However, some children experience abnormal development and also delays. Detecting signs of abnormal development in certain age groups requires an understanding of development milestones. There for this leads us to the major physical, cognitive, self made motivational experience of adolescents that are a variety of developmental outcomes of identity, morality, transitional stages, beginnings of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role, and sexual maturity.

The Difficulty Limited and Extensive choices Essay Example for Free

The Difficulty Limited and Extensive choices Essay Abstract The conducted study is based on personal choice in limited and extensive choice experimental groups. It was conducted to further the research in choice overload and paralysis of the mind. The central aim was to assess if people in limited choice groups were more motivated to win, found it less difficult to choose and were more satisfied with their choice. Due to past research, results should indicate an evident slant for the limited choice group being more satisfied and finding it less difficult to choose. The  study recruited HPS121 students to participate in a limited and extensive choice experiment in context to hotels. There were 661 participants, each chose one hotel and where then surveyed using six questions; three demographic and three in regards to difficulty, motivation and satisfaction using a 7-point Likert scale. The findings supported the hypothesis and were consistent with past research. Satisfaction and difficulty of choice showed a statistically significant difference with limited choice groups finding it less difficult and ended more satisfied. Motivation wasn’t statistically significant however; the limited choice group were still more motivated to win. Society today has an explosion of choice and this study indicates that too much choice is causing choice overload and paralysis of the mind. Choice is great however, too much is damaging society. Social psychology is the study of how people or situations influence our feelings, thoughts and behaviour. Personal choice is a new study within social psychology and is highly important to research due to the ever-growing explosion of choices we are facing in today’s society. Schwartz (2006) discusses this stigma of more choice being attractive however; it’s decreasing people’s satisfaction and increasing paralysis of the mind. He states that extensive choice leads to greater expectations which leads to a decrease in overall satisfaction, self blame for not making the perfect choice, opportunity costs (i.e.; always wanting to do something that your not doing) and regret/anticipated regret. Mouse heart (2008) a radio host presenter spoke about the choice explosion occurring in today’s society with Hugh Mackay, who has conducted wide-ranging research on the issue of the paradox of choice. Hugh suggests that there is a rise of the options generation which are people ranging from 18-35 years of age who can be distinguished by the pace of change in their lives and how comfortable they are with the open option. Iyengar and Lepper (2000) conducted three studies into the research of limited and extensive choice that explored motivation and satisfactional differences between the two groups. Study one used a display of jams of which two could only be tasted. One condition involved a selection of six jams and the other a selection of 24 jams. The results were evident that the extensive group found it less motivating to buy any jam due to paralyses and choice overload. Study two Iyengar and Lepper (2000) involved essay topics of which the limited choice group chose from six and the extensive choice chose from 30. The topics were based on the film 12 angry men. Results showed in the extensive group that motivation was severly affected when it came to writing the essay and the quality was hindered. Finally study three involved chocolates and three groups, limited choice, extensive choice and no choice (control group). Fndings indicated that participants in the limited choice who tasted chocolate were far more likely to receive $5.00 worth of chocalate as payment for participating than the extensive group who mostly went for the money. The results are contradictory as people in current society have an abundant of choice and perceive it to be better, however; current research shows it may be more beneficial to limit choice. Our study tried to explore this in the motivation, satisfaction and difficulty differences across the two choice groups by conducting a study with six limited choice options and 24 extensive choice options. The study that Deakin university trimester two psychology students participated in was based on limited and extensive choice in context to hotels. This study aimed to replicate current findings on motivation and satisfaction and to test the hypothesis, a person who had fewer hotels to choose from would be more motivated to win the reimbursement, find it less difficult to choose and be more satisfied with their choice of hotel over participants from the extensive choice group. Method Deakin Hps121 students were asked to pick one hotel at which they would like to stay at and one lucky student would win a $400.00 reimbursement for there stay. Participants were split into two groups at random allocation. Half received a choice from six hotels (limited choice group) whereas the others received a choice from 24 hotels (extensive choice group). Once participants had chosen their desired hotel, they were asked a set of six questions, three of which were demographic and the remaining three were conducted using a 7-point Likert scale. Participants: Participants were from Deakin University studying Hps121 in trimester two. The study used a consequence sample randomly allocating participants into the two experimental groups, either extensive choice or limited choice. There were 661 participants in this study, 546 of which were female and 115 of which were male. The ages ranged from 18-66 years of age: (M=22.37 years, SD=7.51 years). Consent was gained through a disclaimer at the start of the survey, which stipulated and outlined the ethical issues. Materials: Photographs of four to five star hotels in Queensland, Australia, with descriptive words explaining the hotel were used. To test the hypothesis a 7-point Likert scale was used to indicate the participants satisfaction, motivation to win and the difficulty the experienced from choosing a hotel. Procedure: Students of Hps121 were asked to complete a survey at their discretion. One lucky student had the chance to win a $400.00 reimbursement for the hotel they chose in the study. Participants were then given a link to the survey  online via cloud Deakin. There was a consent form outlining the ethical issues and participants could either accept or decline to participate. The participants that voluntarily participated were then randomly categorised into the two experimental groups: one limited choice and the other extensive choice. Photographs of hotels that were four to five stars based in Queensland, Australia were then presented to the participants, the photographs had a few words description. The Limited choice group were able to choose from six hotels and the extensive choice group were able to choose from 24 hotels. After the participants had chosen they were then asked to complete a series of six questions, three of which were demographic based and asked for the student’s age, gender and also their student id number. The second three questions were based on a 7-point Likert scale that asked for the participant’s motivation to win, how hard their choice was and how satisfied they were with their choice of hotel. A t-test was then used to derive the results. In conclusion to the study conducted the extensive amounts of choice society is facing currently is damaging the population. Society is however built like this with technology ever growing and choices expanding everyday, therefore the population need to find a way to cope with the paralysis it’s causing. In any case the limited choice groups were far better off and showed higher rates of satisfaction, found it less difficult to make a choice and had slightly more motivation to participate. The study supported the findings from Schwartz, B (2006), Maushart, S (2006) and Iyengar and Lepper (2000). Showing us that extensive choice may be at first more appealing but not beneficial or appealing subsequently. References Iyengar, S. S., Lepper, M. R. When choice is demotivating: Can one desire too much of a good thing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2000, 79: 995-1006. †¢Maushart, S. (Presenter). Multiple Choice, Episode 1 -For the Options Generation, the paradoxes of choice abound -like the couple who lived happily ever afterand then got married. [Podcast radio programme]. (2008, February 20) Sydney: ABC Radio National. Retrieved November 4, 2013 from http://www.abc.net.au/reslib/200803/r229466_914710.mp3 †¢Schwartz, B. Too Much Choice. (2006, October 14) [Video] Retrieved November 4, 2013 from http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choic e.html

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms General Skills Cultural Differences It is adamantly essential for us to watch out the way we communicate to each other as in the case of age, race, physical capability and reaction. We are required to focus on watching our formal language for example if in a foreign country. Certain words could stand for different meanings regardless of the way we pronounce them are being pronounced. Different physical body architectures or rather formal clothing could mean severe insults to certain cultures. Consuming different foods could mean a great insult to some cultures as well. Barrier to This A barrier to this specific communication is silence within the working environment, lack of physical integration and job unity, lack of staff embrace and secluded frequent foreign language usage in the working environment. Overcoming this Barrier In order to avoid such things, cultural differences must be respected as a hideous part of an individual matters a lot especially if he or she is from a foreign country. Foreign language in the working environment must be kept at a minimum or not be used at all until working hours. Question answer The most important part of the communicative network is the audience. It is vital for them to be involved in the presentations. A nosey part of the audience not being given a chance to express their cloud would feel neglected and fully ignored. Interactive quizzes can be improvised to enable it grab attention of an audience. Question: Is the audience fully informed about the presentation? Answer: The quiz is the only source of grabbing their attention and answering the unravelled question marks. This is an important part of effective communication because the audience gets to be fully updated of the resourceful information via general involvement. Barrier to This A barrier to this type of communication is inert forms of meetings that do not involve much audience interaction. Overcoming this Barrier An autonomous or rather random forms of involving the audience in test and trial questions will always ensure that concentration has been captured from the start of the conference. The audience will also feel highly favoured for being given a chance to ask and respond to questions. Techniques for Engaging Audience The common ways of involving the audience besides questions and answers are seminars, note-taking, weekly reports, newsletters and introductive entertainment. These would strengthen the outcome of the audience plus motivate the individuals to chain magnetize others in joining too. Effective personalized introductive entertainment is a technique for engaging the audience. Barrier to This A barrier would be lack of audio devices that support interactive techniques, lack of proper location and appropriate accommodation to cater for a vast amount of audience. Overcoming this Barrier The answer would be to try as much as possible to ensure that an organization force-feeds its financial department into providing the right location, proper accommodation and audience engagement mechanisms. Interpersonal skills Techniques and Cues The urgent need for accomplishment in tasks that involve different targets require diverse submissive techniques. This also applies to sensitive counter-interactive tasks that exemplify human input in order for the same accomplishment. The cues applied by human input on computers for communication are American symbol writing or smileys that mimic Short Messaging (SMS) language on mobile phones. SMS on paper has become a common infection or rather writing habit by so many people. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of electronic devices on the market that support non-improvised writing. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this type of writing would be trying to avoid robotised short typing, have enough time for writing easily readable and mature writing. Positive and Negative Language Instant Nos and YES’s paraphrased in meagre, instant communicative technology has become an infrastructure of the interpersonal skills. Some entrepreneurs love applying these sort of technology in seminars especially when they communicative across tables whilst in a seminar or conference. These can also be utilised by individuals with language communication difficulties or basically hearing problems. The languages come in forms of head nods signifying YES or NO, hand-waves signifying YES or NO, finger-rolling signifying DENIAL,ATTENTION or TENSION, direct face avoidance signifying FRUSTRATION or SHAME, cloak over face signifying SENSITIVITY, FEAR or LACK. And many others that are being performed. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of gestures, inevitable circumstances such as disabilities. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to try as much as possible to learn the second partys moral spectrums and forms of communication. ‘Smileys’ or Emoticons Sensitive forms of communication can be exchanged between individuals at some point but via explicit symbolism language known as emoticons. This is a strictly prohibited form of communication that might follow a wrong path and smudge official documentation. Barrier to this Use of personal cell phones at workplaces especially official environment where these devices are totally prohibited. Overcoming this barrier Sentimental steps must be taken by the HOD’s to ensure that the employees leave the devices out of the office environment. Written Communication Skills Spelling and Grammar It is important for one to be skilful in his or her own writing especially in spelling and grammar. Your instructive form of writing should be smart enough to portray an employee that communicates well inside and outside the place of work. One is expected to be handling documents that will require professional writing that will require further grammatical emphasis besides the edification mode. One is expected to demonstrate extreme ability to use proper grammar in speaking and writing. One will be expected to communicate with clients via official paperwork and this will greatly demand a high qualification of spelling and grammar level. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is lack of intensified professional official language training. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome is have extensive training in a particular official language that is required in the working environment. Structure Ones composition should be professionally designed such a way that it is architecture in paragraphs, footers, headers, contains necessary references and accompanying hyperlinks if available. It is vital for the writer to act as the reader himself and make his writing as presentable and easily understandable as possible. A great writing is one that is attractive to the eyes of the reader and does not â€Å"dim† him out. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is mismanagement of writing infrastructure without the use of proper interdivisional architecture. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to utilise readily available formatting tools within typing programmes. Reviewing and Editing It is important for every person to review his or her work before finalizing it so as to clarify unforeseen mistakes encountered along the way whilst typing. This is deeply important in a working environment especially in the Web Designing working environment because what is being typed without further clarification might end up in the eyes of the public in error. Barrier to This Barrier to this one is human ignorance on readily available devices that provide proper reviewing. Overcoming this Barrier A way to overcome this would be assigning specially assigned task reviewers in a job environment whose work is to ensure that nothing goes unattended like reviewing and editing. Mechanisms That Can Reduce Communication Barriers Grammar, Language Spelling use Ensure that correct official language construction is maintained in your writing in order to create a diverse understanding. Avoid pigeon or rather chat session like communicative language that comes in only shortened words. Poor grammar and spelling in writing discredits the writer plus it paints a bad moral aspect. Note-taking Plays a very vital role in ensuring that individuals thirsty for further research on a particular discussed matter after noting them down. Information is noted down for future references in case of emergencies. Lack of Abusive Language Abuse is one of the greatest destroyer after fire damage in communication. Politeness and quite approach towards fellow peers is a highly valued attribute. Constant Device Misuse In this familiar unit, regular use of personal devices in working areas or rather environments is a great havoc. This causes a great barrier and in order to eliminate, one must apply totally switch off this device. If this does not work at all, then the involved disturbed parties must move to a secluded, quite area away from noise and disturbance. Noise and Disturbance For a peaceful working environment, away from excessive noise and disturbance that is hard to avoid. The management is determined to ensure that noise reduction amplifiers are utilised. And that all personal devices are kept on silent mode. References: SMILEY Accessed 21 December 2014 ENGAGE AUDIENCE Accessed 21 December 2014 TECHNIQUES AND CUES Accessed 21 December 2014 STRUCTURE Accessed 21 December 2014 REVIEWING Accessed 21 December 2014 John Lenny WamagataID: 14081308 Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. In addition, drama and the short story all have a protagonist, antagonists, minor character, stock character, the foil, foreshadowing, and dramatic irony in one way or another within their stories. Still, we can clearly see that each literary form approaches their audience in different ways. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. This is evident in the dramatic play Riders to the Sea (Synge). This is a play that is considered a tragedy. It depicts a woman who has lost all the male members in her household. It shows her struggle with the sea and her last living son Bartley. We are exposed to the dramatic irony of the play. In line 225-229, we finally find out that she saw her son Bentley riding the red mare and her dead son Michael riding on the grey pony wearing new clothes and shoes. This symbolizes that Bentley is soon to die from the sea as well. The ironic part is that she had no knowledge of the bundle of Michaels clothing that the girls had kept from here. Therefore, she was not aware that the priest found a drowned man in Donegal that turned out to be her son Michael. This could also be considered a short story if it did not use the play writers narratives and used descriptive language instead. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. We must read or listen to this type of literary form and use the writers imaginative language to fully experience the intended outcome of the author. For example, Kate Chopin used symbols in her short story called The Story of an Hour. She used symbolism throughout the entire story to describe Mrs. Mallards true feelings towards her husband. In paragraph four, Kate has her slumping and sighing into a chair, using symbolism it appeared as though she was actually distraught over her husbands death. However, in reality she is so happy that her farce of a marriage is over and done with. Then we see in paragraph six that the world becomes brighter, new and fresh. However, the writer Kate Chopin was symbolically painting a picture of her being freed from the constraints of a loveless marriage. This short story could be considered a tragedy because of the protagonists feelings towards her husband and her dramatic and untimely demise. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. A poem is emotional and musical. The rhyming of each stanza in a poem assists me in the reading and comprehension of the authors meaning in his or her literary work. For example, William Wordsworth poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways used romanticism, tone, symbolism, and rhythm to covey his feelings of his love for Lucy. By rhyming a poem it allows the reader to imagine it as a romantic musical lullaby. Moreover, when it is performed, you can mentally picture the musical rhythm in your head. Also; the performance assists the listener to visualize the symbols as the reader speaks them. We can feel how much he treasured Lucy by what he wrote in line five. He believes she is a rare treasure that is hidden by a mossy stone or if you will, a beautiful violet that is not easily seen. This sort of poetic symbolism brings the authors creative work to life and creates an ambiance of visu alization to the literary work. In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. Thus, we can conclude that each writer approaches their intended audience in different ways by the form of literature that they choose to adopt for their literary works.

Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay -- Two Kinds, Amy Tan

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story 'Two Kinds'; by Amy Tan, we are shown the struggles of a young girl Jing-Mei. Her struggle is that of a young girl growing up and trying to find her own sense of identity. Her troubles are compounded by her mother, who convinces her that she can become someone important. Because of her mother's constant overbearing behavior, Jing-Mei does everything she can to annoy and displease her mother even to the point of being a failure. This fight to find her own identity against her mother's wishes shows how parents cannot control their child's life; they can only point them in the right direction and let them make their own choices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the onset of the story we find Jing-Mei's mother convincing her that she 'can be prodigy…'; (491) and that she 'can be best anything.'; (491) Deciding that Jing-Mei's destiny is to become a prodigy, her mother takes control and begins to push Jing-Mei towards this goal. At first Jing-Mei is, 'just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so.'; (491) By saying these things, Jing-Mei's mother tries to create an ideal identity for her. Jing-Mei's mother begins to test her with questions and she cooperates. But as time goes on and the tests her mother gives her gets harder, Jing-Mei begins to be resentful and unwilling to cooperate. She thinks to herself, 'I won't be what I'm not.'; (492) This shows a child resisting it's parents control.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ...

Shall we Dance Essay -- essays research papers

Reflection paper regarding â€Å"Shall We Dance?† Dancing is regarded with suspicion in Japan because public display of affection and intimacy is considered indecent and outright scandalous. Even married couples had to restrain from temperate public display of affections, such as holding of hands, saying â€Å"I love you†, or even dancing, because it was thought to be â€Å"beyond embarrassing†. Thus it would be safe to say that dancing with someone else other than one’s wife is even more disreputable and appalling. To American audiences, dancing may seem like no big deal, but apparently in Japan, ballroom dancing is frowned upon as another vulgar, low-culture import from the West.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This mentality of the Japanese towards dancing and open display of affection was constantly reflected in this movie. The scenes of where Sugiyama had to hesitate before enrolling into dancing class, had to look around before going upstairs to make sure that no one sees him, had to keep this a total secret from family and co-workers all convey Sugiyama’s attitude, which here represents the Japanese culture’s attitude as a whole, on dancing. Apparently, he felt that his association with the art of dancing was deemed shameful, and he had a good reason to believe that. Not only did he hear from Donny, a close friend and co-worker of Sugiyama who had practiced the art of dancing for 5 years, that dancing is a â€Å"Dirty lecher†, he also saw the banter reactions of his co-workers when they f...

Recruitment and selection process for Boots Essay

The recruitment and selection process is used to employ new people for the organisation, company or business. The recruitment process can be quite expensive due to the work and staff involved. Money is needed to advertise the position in newspapers, replying to candidates, paying interviewers, and also if candidates are successful then money will be needed to actually train them. In the selection process there are five main areas which are completed – * Job descriptions * Person specifications * Advertising * Selection process * Interviewing Job descriptions A job description is a list of the main tasks required to full fill the position. I have gathered evidence of a job description from Boots. The job description which I have collected states all of the tasks which are required, but in an actual job description only the main tasks will be noted. I have also got a job description from my local job centre but the information given is not enough for what would be required by an applicant. The description does not show the days which will be worked or even the type of work which will be required. More and more organisations like Boots, Marks and Spencer and Tescos have job descriptions for every job, from a Cleaner to a Managing Director. There are three main ways in which a job description can be drawn up by the personnel department. These are – * Line manager can draw up a job description of what the job entails. * Actual existing job holder can do it. * Human resources manager can interview the job holder and the line manager to find out what the job involves. The best approach out of these three options would be to interview the line manager and the job holder because the line manager may miss out little things which may be included in the job and the job holder will be able to give more information. A job description also gives the applicants other details of the job which are necessary such as- * Actual job title * Location of the job * Duration and hours required * Main tasks required * Pay and other benefits * Person to contact and place to apply.

NCR Corporation Essay

NCR Corporation, known as a world leader in ATMs, point-of-sale (POS) retail checkout scanners, and check- in kiosks at airports, announced in June 2009 that it would move its world headquarters from Dayton (OH) to Duluth (GA), a suburb of Atlanta, after more than 125 years. An employer of 1,200 mostly high-salaried, profes- sional workers in Dayton, NCR was enticed to move by Georgia’s offer of more than $56.9 million in tax credits; its fast-growing, educated 25- to 34-year-old population cohort; international offices for 10 European state govern- ments; and the busiest international airport (Atlanta) in the world. aWhat qualitative research might NCR have done to reach this decision? b NCR will use its move to Georgia to downsize its world headquarters workforce. What qualitative research could help NCR determine which of its 1,200 employees will be offered positions in Duluth? Qualitative research is the type of research people use to gain insight into a problem, issue or theory. Qualitative research is an in-depth exploration of what people think, feel or do and, crucially, why. If you want to know identify human behavior and what barriers there may be to their changing that behavior, you would use qualitative research to explore those issues. Qualitative research does not give statistically robust findings. In the case of NCR and their decision to move, focus groups I think would have been utilized to form this decision. This method would have reduced the risk of researcher’s bias. A focus group is basically research that organizations do to gather information about person’s perspectives and opinions about new ideas. Focus group participants are asked questions in an interactive setting and are encouraged to discuss thoughts freely with other participants. The open and free discussions typically generate ideas and can provide a wealth of information for the business or organization. Questions asked of group participants should be based on the objectives of the project. For the decision of which employees to take in the move, one  on one interviews would be a useful qualitative research method. When qualitative research takes the form of an interview, the interviewer asks open-ended questions and simply records what the participant says. The more intimate environment allows participants to talk openly and is particularly appropriate where participants are competitors who would not agree to come together in a focus group. The individual interview is a valuable method of gaining insight into people’s perceptions, understandings and experiences of a given phenomenon and can contribute to in-depth data collection. However, the interview is more than a conversational interaction between two people and requires considerable knowledge and skill on behalf of the interviewer. (Ryan;Coughlan;Cronin,2009) 7.10 Pepsi launched a new global branding campaign based on the concept of live in the moment called â€Å"Live For Now.† It did extensive research prior to the campaign’s launch. What research should be done to determine if the campaign is resonating with worldwide audiences? Qualitative research would be the method that would be uses. Qualitative research follows a semi-structured discussion guide to ensure that all topics under consideration are covered and that the discussion stays relevant. However, the questioning is open and participants are encouraged to explore the reasons for their responses. The discussion process can reveal underlying views and motivations, behavioral triggers and barriers. It can explore reactions to messages, printed material, design features and new products, test understanding of terminology, help generate new concepts and much more. Qualitative research is usually audio-recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions form the data which is then analysed by the moderator. Groups can also be video-recorded and can also be observed in real-time at venues specially designed for that purpose. You can expect a report or a presentation of the findings supported by verbatim quotes from the participants. References Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods. (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Frances, R., Coughlin, M., & Cronin, P. (2009). Interviewing in qualitative research: The one-to-one interview. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 16(6), 309-309.

Business and Management Dictionary

As defined by the dictionary,† Goal is the purpose toward which endeavor is directed. † It is an end of one’s journey through life or the finish line of the race. Like in a project or a business venture, one must have the goal so that he can pick the best and strategic planning tool to be used through it. There’re so many strategies one can use in achieving his objective, however, SWOT Analysis had gone a long way in helping businesses (small or big) be more fulfilled. It’s easy to deal with as long as he can define the terms: STRENGTH, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITY, THREATS, and can reach to a desired end state or objective.As defined in a Business and Management Dictionary: Strengths are the attribute of the organization that are helpful to achieving the objective. One’s personal power that is capable of attaining the purpose of his desired outcome while putting his hands on a risk. Weaknesses are the attribute of the organization that are harmful to achieving the objective. It makes one’s control of the plan be disabled if it can penetrate the whole idea of the venture. This may go further if he cannot design better-technique from overcoming it.It is an attitude most human possesses as defect, but he can choose not to be too overwhelmed by its attack by controlling all his ideas and perform excellent processes to go with the strength of his venture. Opportunities are the external conditions that are helpful to achieving the objective. In this strategy, identifying subsequent steps makes the techniques be planned well. If one can see the opportunity passing by his way, to accommodate it is neither a crime nor a waste of time. It’s a good requirement in making the venture be more visible and successful. It may just be an experience or a total shot for the business.He wouldn’t regret by not taking it because he can actually grab and use it as an asset for his goal. Threats are the external conditions that a re harmful to achieving the objective. This can be an indication of an impending danger of growing project or business. However, he can manage and ensure that this condition would be solved, avoid from failing and won’t affect any of his strong foundation if he can be too determined, willing to do all the necessary steps and risks he has at the start of his journey. Of course, better characteristics in every way his business and life go doubles up the result, to a better and effective performance.Being in a business or any venture is a very risky yet challenging endeavor a man can experience through life. Like life, if we would not, should not, could not give our best shot to it, then we may fail. By this, the hardships, sweats, tears, and blood we just invested in winning the race will just be all gone. It may be re-established, be successful as any other big companies in the world this time only if we can be stronger, more knowledgeable and willing to incorporate more on th e strategic planning model of the SWOT Analysis. Besides, ‘LIFE IS SWEETER THE SECOND TIME AROUND. ’

Multinational Corporation (Mnc) or Multinational Enterprise (Mne)

A  multinational corporation  (MNC) or  multinational enterprise  (MNE)[1]  is a  corporation  enterprise that manages  production  or deliversservices  in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an  international corporation. The  International Labour Organization  (ILO) has defined[citation needed]  an MNC as a corporation that has its management headquarters in one country, known as the  home country, and operates in several other countries, known as  host countries. Some multinational corporations are very big, with budgets that exceed some nations'  gross domestic products  (GDPs). Multinational corporations can have a powerful influence in local economies, and even the  world economy, and play an important role in  international relations  and  globalization. Apple Inc. formerly  Apple Computer, Inc. is an American  multinational corporation  that designs and sells  consumer electronics,  computer software, and  personal computers. The company's best-known hardware products are the  Macintosh  line of computers, the  iPod, the  iPhone  and the  iPad. Its software includes the  Mac OS X  operating system; the  iTunes  media browser; the  iLife  suite of multimedia and creativity software; the iWork  suite of productivity software;  Aperture, a professional photography package;  Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional audio and film-industry software products;  Logic Studio, a suite of music production tools; the  Safari  web browser; and  iOS, a mobile operating system. As of July 2011, Apple has 357  retail stores  in ten countries, and an  online store. It has been the  largest publicly traded company in the world by market capitalization,[7][8]  swapping spots with  ExxonMobil, and the largest technology company in the world by revenue and profit. [9]  As of September 24, 2011, the company had 60,400 permanent full-time employees and 2,900 temporary full-time employees worldwide; its worldwide annual sales totalled $65. 23 billion, growing to $108. 249 billion in 2011. Fortune  magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2011. 10][11][12][13]  However, the company has received  widespread criticism  for its contractors' labor, and for its environmental and business practices. [14][15] Established on April 1, 1976 in  Cupertino, California, and incorporated January 3, 1977,[16]  the company was named Apple Computer, Inc. for its first 30 years. The word â€Å"Computer† was removed from its name on January 9, 2007,[17]  as its traditional focus on personal computers shifted towards  consumer electronics. [18] 1976–1980: The early years Apple was established on April 1, 1976 by  Steve Jobs,  Steve Wozniak, and  Ronald Wayne,[1]  to sell the  Apple I  personal computer kit. They were hand-built by Wozniak[19][20]  and first shown to the public at the  Homebrew Computer Club. [21]  The Apple I was sold as a  motherboard  (with  CPU,RAM, and basic textual-video chips)—less than what is today considered a complete personal computer. [22]  The Apple I went on sale in July 1976 and was market-priced at $666. 66 Apple was incorporated January 3, 1977[16]  without Wayne, who sold his share of the company back to Jobs and Wozniak for $800. Multi-millionaire  Mike Markkula  provided essential business expertise and funding of $250,000 during the incorporation of Apple. [ By the end of the 1970s, Apple had a staff of computer designers and a production line. The company introduced the ill-fated  Apple III  in May 1980 in an attempt to compete with  IBM  and  Microsoft  in the business and corporate computing market. [35] Jobs and several Apple employees including  Jef Raskin  visited  Xerox PARC  in December 1979 to see the  Xerox Alto. Xerox granted Apple engineers three days of access to the PARC facilities in return for the option to buy 100,000 shares (800,000 split-adjusted shares) of Apple at the pre-IPO price of $10 a share. [36]  Jobs was immediately convinced that all future computers would use a graphical user interface (GUI), and development of a GUI began for the  Apple Lisa. [37] When Apple went public, it generated more capital than any IPO since  Ford Motor Company  in 1956 and instantly created more millionaires (about 300) than any company in history. In 1984, Apple next launched the Macintosh. Its debut was announced by the now famous $1. 5 milliontelevision commercial â€Å"1984†. It was directed by  Ridley Scott, aired during the third quarter of  Super Bowl XVIIIon January 22, 1984,[39]  and is now considered a watershed event for Apple's success[40]  and a â€Å"masterpiece†. [41][42] In 1985 a power struggle developed between Jobs and CEO  John Sculley, who had been hired two years earlier. [45]  The Apple board of directors instructed Sculley to â€Å"contain† Jobs and limit his ability to launch expensive forays into untested products. Jobs resigned from Apple and founded  NeXT Inc. the same year. [46] 1986–1993: Rise and fall Having learned several painful lessons after introducing the bulky  Macintosh Portable  in 1989, Apple introduced the  PowerBook  in 1991. The Macintosh Portable was designed to be just as powerful as a desktop Macintosh, but weighed 7. 5 kilograms (17  lb) with a 12-hour battery life. The same year, Apple introduced  System 7, a major upgrade to the operating system, which added color to the interface and introduced new networking capabilities. It remained the architectural basis for  Mac OS  until 2001. During this time Apple experimented with a number of other failed consumer targeted products including  digital cameras,  portable CD audio players,  speakers,  video consoles, and  TV appliances. Enormous resources were also invested in the problem-plagued  Newton divisionbased on John Sculley's unrealistic market forecasts. [citation needed]  Ultimately, all of this proved too-little-too-late for Apple as their market share and stock prices continued to slide. [citation needed] 1994–1997: Attempts at reinvention In 1996, Michael Spindler was replaced by  Gil Amelio  as CEO. Gil Amelio made many changes at Apple, including extensive layoffs. [54]  After multiple failed attempts to improve Mac OS, first with the  Taligent  project, then later with  Copland  and  Gershwin, Amelio chose to purchase  NeXT  and its  NeXTSTEP  operating system, bringing Steve Jobs back to Apple as an advisor. [55]  On July 9, 1997, Gil Amelio was ousted by the board of directors after overseeing a three-year record-low stock price and crippling financial losses. Jobs became the interim CEO and began restructuring the company's product line. 1998–2005: Return to profitability On August 15, 1998, Apple introduced a new all-in-one computer reminiscent of the  Macintosh 128K: the  iMac. The iMac design team was led by  Jonathan Ive, who would later design the  iPod  and the  iPhone. [59][60]  The iMac featured modern technology and a unique design, and sold almost 800,000 units in its first five months. [61] On May 19, 2001, Apple opened the first official  Apple Retail Stores  in Virginia and California. 69]Later on July 9 they bought Spruce Technologies, a  DVD authoring  company. On October 23 of the same year, Apple announced the  iPod  portable  digital audio player, and started selling it on November 10. The product was phenomenally successful  Ã¢â‚¬â€ over 100 million units were sold within six years. [70][71 2007–2011: iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad Delivering his keynote speech at the  Macworl d Expo  on January 9, 2007, Jobs announced that Apple Computer, Inc. would from that point on be known as Apple Inc. because computers were no longer the main focus of the company, which had shifted its emphasis to mobile electronic devices. The event also saw the announcement of the  iPhone  and the  Apple TV. [83]  The following day, Apple shares hit $97. 80, an all-time high at that point. In May, Apple's share price passed the $100 mark. [84] In October 2010, Apple shares hit an all-time high, eclipsing $300. [98]  Additionally, on October 20, Apple updated their  MacBook Air  laptop,iLife  suite of applications, and unveiled  Mac OS X Lion, the latest installment in  their Mac OS X operating system. 99]  On January 6, 2011, the company opened their  Mac App Store, a digital software distribution platform, similar to the existing iOS App Store. [100]  Apple was featured in the documentary  Something Ventured  which premiered in 2011. 2011–p resent: Post–Steve Jobs era On January 17, 2011, Jobs announced in an internal Apple memo that he would take another medical leave of absence, for an indefinite period, to allow him to focus on his health. Chief operating officer  Tim Cook  took up Jobs' day-to-day operations at Apple, although Jobs would still remain â€Å"involved in major strategic decisions for the company. [101]  Apple became the most valuable consumer-facing brand in the world. [102] On October 4, 2011, Apple announced the  iPhone 4S, which includes an improved camera with 1080p video recording, a dual core A5 chip capable of 7 times faster graphics than the A4, an â€Å"intelligent software assistant† named  Siri, and cloud-sourced data with  iCloud. [110][111]One day later, on October 5, 2011, Apple announced that Jobs had died, marking the end of an era for Apple Inc. [ —————————————— ——- Culture Corporate Apple was one of several highly successful companies founded in the 1970s that bucked the traditional notions of what a  corporate cultureshould look like in organizational hierarchy (flat versus tall, casual versus formal attire, etc. ). Other highly successful firms with similar cultural aspects from the same period include  Southwest Airlines  and  Microsoft. Originally, the company stood in opposition to staid competitors like  IBM  by default, thanks to the influence of its founders; Steve Jobs often walked around the office barefoot even after Apple was a  Fortune 500  company. By the time of the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"1984† TV ad, this trait had become a key way the company attempted to differentiate itself from its competitors. [142] Users Apple's brand's loyalty is considered unusual for any product. At one time,  Apple evangelists  were actively engaged by the company, but this was after the phenomenon was already firmly established. Apple evangelist  Guy Kawasaki  has called the brand fanaticism â€Å"something that was stumbled upon†. [154]  Apple has, however, supported the continuing existence of a network of  Mac User Groups  in most major and many minor centers of population where Mac computers are available. Mac users would meet at the European  Apple Expo  and the San Francisco  Macworld Conference & Expo  trade shows where Apple traditionally introduced new products each year to the industry and public until Apple pulled out of both events. While the conferences continue, Apple does not have official representation there. Mac developers, in turn, continue to gather at the annual AppleWorldwide Developers Conference. ————————————————- Corporate affairs During the Mac's early history Apple generally refused to adopt prevailing industry standards for hardware, instead creating their own. [161]This trend was largely reversed in the late 1990s beginning with Apple's adoption of the  PCI  bus in the  7500/8500/9500  Power Macs. Apple has since adopted  USB,  AGP,  HyperTransport,  Wi-Fi, and other industry standards in its computers and was in some cases a leader in the adoption of standards such as USB. [162]  FireWire  is an Apple-originated standard that has seen widespread industry adoption after it was standardized as  IEEE 1394. [163] Headquarters Apple Inc. s world corporate headquarters are located in the middle of  Silicon Valley, at 1-6  Infinite Loop,  Cupertino, California. This Apple campus has six buildings that total 850,000 square feet (79,000 m2) and was built in 1993 by Sobrato Development Cos. [167] ———————————â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Finance In its fiscal year ending in September 2011, Apple Inc. hit new heights financially with $108 billion in revenues increased significantly from $65 billion in 2010 and nearly $82 billion available in cash reserve, but the market share decreased to 15 percent from 16. 6 percent. [219]

Audit Assurance and Compliance Services

Auditing is the important aspect in any financial managing company to keep all their data safe, secured and perfect without any missing information for any firm. This report talks about the work given to the auditors for making assessments of the statements related to the financial data by the management. The authorization of auditing the files are given only to those examiners who are found responsible and could present the data to the stakeholders by taking the leadership authentication and ruling out any glitches found in the information while maintaining professionalism and giving them overall finance required to the company by appropriate estimations (Audit.ucsf, 2016).   Any information related to the organization is provided to the auditor as a part of morality and competence obligations. Any suggestions specified by the auditor to the company are given prior importance to execute by the management. The information related to the company should be perfect and complete withou t any unclear data, so the auditors will have a keen view on all these aspects and wants it to be highly standard and accurate. If found any missing or unrelated information then they would enquire about it and clear the doubts (Cso, 2016). The task of assessing the financial statements is completed only after noting the ambiguities like revenue of the company, important assets and expenditure for that particular duration. Any accountant who has accepted for auditing the financial statements should be complaint to the laws by considering the fact that he should not get threatened by the organizations group or overlook the conducts of ethical rules as it is the suggested criteria from the ethical guidelines. It should be noted that accepting the task that leads to the cause of threats should be avoided by the auditor which is an essential point to be kept in mind (Isaca, 2016). So the rules in ethical guidelines specifies that before considering to execute any task for auditing you need to be aware of the factors that are mentioned in the guidelines. All the necessary information related to the clients and records of the business are needed to be gathered by the auditor for the present work and need to give the brief outlook of the work and issues if found so that it would not mess up at the end of the audit as it is dealt with the client outside (PwC, 2016). There is always a chance of rejecting the given task if found any proposed threat or insecurity. It clearly implies that every accepted task should be dealt carefully nevertheless of taking long time in assessing the audit files while it gives an opportunity of knowing the customer in depth. As the client gets approval from the auditor for auditing the files they take into consideration those formalities while never getting compromised on their objectives (Rbk, 2016). Threats can be expected from the new firms as a part of their job if any of the auditing team is related to the organization members in terms of share. Expectations of any threat to the auditing team from the client never says that the proposal has to be taken off or stop in between it can even been carried out under proper protection by safeguarding themselves from opponents. Measures should be taken to get away from the issue repeatedly and demolish it completely to avoid any further threats in future (Isaca, 2016). T he later level of audits are accepted by identifying if there are any further issues involved with them. Solutions should be designed for safeguarding the audit team from being threatened by the clients. Auditor efficiency varies based on the organization they are chosen for. It drastically varies if greater organizations are involved in auditing work. Clients such as BSF which is a high level industry the auditor is expected with special skills of efficacy and should be highly capable in order to understand the terms and policies of that firm in regards to their context (Rbk, 2016). In these aspects evaluation should be to the greater extent if auditor is accepting the task and it is a sign of inviting the threat on their own if they are not eligible for this task to complete and accepting it if unable to sketch out the business details at a prospective level. The satisfaction of expectations of clients , reaching the deadlines specified by them are need to be carefully understood by the auditor and should fulfill this requirements before approving the assigned task (Audit.ucsf, 2016). Not presenting the accurate solution that is according to the situation then it creates the way to the threats related to audit firm while giving the suitable conditions for the beneficial of the financial statements. Three kinds of risks are involved in auditing they are: Any possibilities of missing the data and taking commissions or interpreting the data in a wrong way in the financial statements then these are considered to be the inherent risks. These consequences vary from the controls and should be noted that are important to be verified. If the risk is at high level, certainly the industry has to face the risk of inherent which is similarly found with BSF limited (Rbk, 2016). The standards of BSF limited are independent from other firms and have their own judgments which are personal and voicing the nature with no restrictions are the rules required to step ahead. This implicates that risk of inherent is pretty high. There is no significant risk of control identified with BSF limited in such case as it is less than 5 percent involved. If mechanism required to control the process is not properly handled then that leads to control risk which can be aptly defined by this and it apparently makes a way to the threats if failing to recognize the statements that are materialistic (Isaca, 2016). Appropriate control measures internally are to be proposed to solve the misinterpretation regarding the BSF. Auditor should give an opinion on the control measures that are being input in the BSF. By implementing such measures it seems to work out well at BSF and efficient. BSF is comparatively having higher threats as it is the top level industry and the details related to their organization are not clearly given to the auditing team. This figure out the control measures and identifies that situation is controllable (PwC, 2016). If failing to recognize the missing statements from the financial bills of the company then the risk of detection comes into the picture. And it describes the inability of the auditor or giving an opportunity for the company by the auditor (Audit.ucsf, 2016). A customized systematic manner is to be followed while auditing the financial statements and has to rule out the missing of data or any other manipulations in the statements and appropriate corrections are to be proposed as it is not expected to record it in the books without necessary corrections as it affects the user’s interests at later stages. Multiple audit visits can be carried out to verify the mistakes and to reduce the chance of risks (Rbk, 2016). Mixture of three risks of audits is finally presented by the audit team after the completion of entire auditing process (Isaca, 2016). Increase in the three different risks such as risk of inherent, Risk of control and risk of detection are to be determined to know the risk involved in audit. Risk in Audit = Risk of control x Risk of detection x Risk of Inherent To identify the threats involved in auditing the task the audit team has found the process and has to report the possible ways to reduce the threats by acknowledging them is the work given to the team to make a final decision on the entire threats reduction. If the risk level is unmanageable, then the proposed suggestion is at rejection (Rbk, 2016). The risk level is proposed with number of safeguards process in case of risk of detection since the risk is at insignificant level. High labor and lengthy duration is required for this and approval is taken from the management before accepting any task (Isaca, 2016). Risk of inherent and risk of control levels are inversely proportional to the risk level of detection. Risk of detection is chosen to be at lower level by the audit team if threat of inherent is pictured in the situation while giving way to the risk of inherent at high peaks (Audit.ucsf, 2016). The final threat for BSF appears to be at higher level in auditing process for threat levels of detection and inherent. The calculations involved in audit risk are as follows: Risk in Audit = Risk of control x Risk of detection x Risk of Inherent The threat level less than 10% is expected by the audit team to be moderate in general. Hence it is considered that threat of audit on BSF is on the safer side. This reveals that there are no restrictions in taking the task for auditing the financial statements. The adequate amount of proofs related to the audit is to be collected by the audit team as a part of the auditing program in order to follow the appropriate systematic procedure of auditing the financial statements. The auditing process is carried out only if the account system of the client industry is evaluated by the team for example here it is the BSF limited. The accounting system is studied in detailed by the auditing team is the strategy followed on the clients tasks (Rbk, 2016). This at later stages are tested   by conducting control and other tests which are related to this process to make sure that all proofs are gathered in the given duration of time. At the end the audit team has to be sure of providing the evidence correctly about the client’s financial statements. The audit programs that are certainly recommended are as follows: Reports related to finance- on monthly basis Suggestions to be followed from the previous audits Proposing the financial balance at year end Reports to be sent to the required clients and list of funds needs to be received Predictive check on the account balance thoroughly Ledgers are maintained by the clients which are to be checked keenly and other related files The data from all the sectors should be matched after totaling the accounts The office accounts are to be linked to banks statements Number of transactions occurred should be verified and amount taken for the purpose is utilized accordingly or not should be checked The auditors from external team need to follow the entities regarding the irregularities on financial statements from the journal. The audit process is regulated using the journal from the department of accounting for accurate verification. The managing is enquired regarding the entries by the audit team and accordingly the funding is given (Cso, 2016). BSF has designed a success factor that the success in business is based on the development and research carried out. The uncertainty of research depends on the external factors. After attaining the success from such a research program then it can be taken for benefiting the needs of customers. The activities of research and development are to be carried out properly to get a success and the necessary targets should be identified. The targets which are in between should be executed depending on the budget allocated and the duration of time. BSF follows the journal guidelines to show the report effectiveness before marketing them (Audit.ucsf, 2016). The performance from the research that is undertaken newly by BSF is found to be quite complex but cost on research are given on daily basis of expenses and revenue. Collection of material and major equipment’s is given huge capitals (Rbk, 2016). The decision of fixing the funds is decided by the audit team as it has to be carefully tasked based on the requirements of work in the industry. The three entities that are involved in triple bottom line addendum are the environmental, social and economic production in the organization. For the audit to be in a signature process Spreckly has designed this system in 80’s and made a first approach. BSF limited is corresponding to this triple bottom line terms and standards hereafter. The credit’s for the work executed on the financial statements is appreciated (Gay & Simnett, 2000). Though the auditing process looks extended because of the procedure but the company management is pleased with the friendly approach environment and the respectful communication (PwC, 2016). The media reports that these rules are criticized by industries of other firms because of their diversion to the fish production company rather than the suppliers of food materials. This has made an attempt of getting food for next generations. It created a bias between the extremely poor and high people so the approach was not taken into account ( Gay & Simnett, 2000). On the progress of working on this account though the initial take off was not appreciated it was considered as better solution in the later stages. In the scientific research, the triple bottom line is considered to be the success measure but it is not really accepted by the auditor to sign off as they were reluctant to accept (Whittington & Pany, 2001). From the conclusions it is evident that auditor has to get convinced and sign off the document because of the huge information that is available and processed through the auditing process is correct. After performing the extensive research the information is given based on the conditions in the market place and the predictions derived from the situations are submitted. The management is provided with the patent value that is capable of in producing the efficient output in future (Whittington & Pany, 2001). The less availability of advanced technology is providing very less competition to the management and as the time progress it will change the opinion. There might be drastic change in regards to competition which is not exactly related to the market research (Gay & Simnett, 2000). After a proper understanding is created in the market then we can notice a great interest on the patent value in another one or two years or so (Gay & Simnett, 2000). The price is however fixed based on t he popularity of product in the market and its sales conditions. The management is extremely not worried as it can get back the value of it in the later stages after fine evaluation in the market. 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[online] Available at: https://www.rbk.ie/services/audit-assurance [Accessed 11 Sep. 2016]. Whittington, R. and Pany, K., 2001.  Principles of auditing and other assurance services. Irwin/McGraw-Hill.